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Experimental determination of Cd

Farhah Amalya ISMAIL, Ahmad Zaharin ARIS

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第3期页码 356-364 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0488-1

摘要： Carbonate shells have an astonishing ability in the removal of Cd in a short time period with emphasis on being a low cost adsorbent. In the present study, the sorption capacity of carbonate shells was studied for Cd in batch experiments. The influence of different carbonate shell sizes and physico-chemical factors were evaluated and the results were analyzed for its correlation matrices by using Predictive Analytics Software (PASW). The mineralogy state of aqueous solution regarding the saturation index was simulated using PHREEQC to identify the Cd uptake mechanism. The Cd uptake rates were calculated as well as Ca , concentration, pH, ambient humidity and temperature were measured. Cd removal of 91.52% was achieved after 5 h adsorption. The adsorption efficiencies were significantly influenced by pH as they increased with the increase of pH from acidic solution (5.50±0.02) to slightly alkaline (7.60±0.05). In addition, the mineralogy state of aqueous solution calculated from PHREEQC confirmed that the increment of Ca and concentrations in solution was attributed to the dissolution of carbonate shells. Moreover, the ion exchange adsorption mechanism of Cd toward Ca was identified as the process involved in Cd uptake.

关键词： carbonate shell cadmium heavy metal adsorption mechanism saturation state

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Stress field near circular-arc interface crack tip based on electric saturation concept

Longchao DAI, Xinwei WANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第4卷第3期页码 320-325 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0042-9

摘要： Within the framework of nonlinear electroelasticity, the anti-plane problem of a circular-arc interfacial crack between a circular piezoelectric inhomogeneity and an infinite piezoelectric matrix subjected to a far-field uniform loading is investigated by an electrical strip saturation model, the complex variable method, and the method of analytical continuation. Explicit closed form expressions for the complex potentials in both the matrix and the inclusion, and the stress intensity factor at the crack tip are presented. Comparison with some related solutions based on the linear electroelastic theory shows the validity of the present solutions

关键词： piezoelectric material arc crack strip saturation stress intensity factor

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Continuous modeling of soil morphology —thermomechanical behavior of embankment dams

Bettina ALBERS, Krzysztof WILMANSKI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第1期页码 11-23 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0081-7

摘要： Macroscopic modeling of soils is based on a number of properties that refer to the mesoscopic morphology. The most fundamental parameters of this art are: 1) coupling parameters between partial stresses of components and deformations of components, 2) porosities, 3) saturation, and 4) permeability and diffusivity, tortuosity. The main aim of this paper is to present in juxtaposition continuous one-, two-, and three-component models of geomaterials appearing in construction of embankment dams. In particular, the above mentioned features, especially saturation with water and seepage problems, modeling of fluidization yielding piping, and generalizations of the Darcy law and changes of porosity, are presented.

关键词： thermomechanical modeling soil morphology saturation porosity

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高饱和土固结及饱和度对土体固结的影响

金志高

《中国工程科学》 2004年第6卷第9期页码 73-76

摘要：

以Terzaghi土体固结理论和Biot固结理论为基础，按饱和度不同的分类，研究了高饱和土固结机理及过程，深入分析了高饱和土饱和度变化对孔隙流体压缩性的影响，以及由此影响到高饱和土的固结全过程。

关键词：固结饱和度体变模量压缩

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输入饱和下多智能体系统最优一致性控制：一类非零和博弈方法 Research Article

李洪阳1,2,魏庆来1,2,3

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第23卷第7期页码 1010-1019 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200010

摘要：本文针对输入饱和下的多智能体系统，提出一种最优一致性控制方法。引入多智能体博弈理论，将最优一致性控制问题转化为多智能体非零和博弈。之后，通过求解具有非二次输入能量项的耦合Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman（HJB）方程，实现Nash平衡。提出脱策强化学习方法，在系统模型未知情况下获得Nash平衡解；引入评判神经网络和执行神经网络实现所提方法。理论分析显示迭代控制律收敛到Nash平衡。仿真实验验证了所提方法的有效性。

关键词：最优一致性控制；多智能体系统；非零和博弈；自适应动态规划；输入饱和；脱策强化学习；策略迭代

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Controlling nested wrinkle morphology through the boundary effect on narrow-band thin films

Hanyang XU, Tielin SHI, Guanglan LIAO, Qi XIA

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第14卷第2期页码 235-240 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0458-6

摘要： We describe the formation of nested wrinkles created by the thermal mismatch between a narrow-band thin film and a compliant substrate. When a film is described as “narrow-band”, it literally means that the film band width is much shorter than its length; more precisely, it means that the width is comparable with the wavelength of the wrinkles. A silicon mask was used during film sputtering to create narrow-band films on poly (dimethylsiloxane) substrate, thus creating regular boundaries to steer local stresses and control wrinkle morphology. Disordered nano-scale wrinkles were found nested within highly ordered micro-scale sinusoidal wrinkles. The formation of nested wrinkles was explained through the amplitude and wavelength saturation of nano-scale wrinkles. The disordered morphology of nano-scale wrinkles and the highly ordered morphology of micro-scale wrinkles were explained by using the boundary effect.

关键词： nested and hierarchical wrinkles morphology amplitude saturation boundary effect

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Advances in tissue state recognition in spinal surgery: a review

Hao Qu, Yu Zhao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第4期页码 575-584 doi: 10.1007/s11684-020-0816-3

摘要： Spinal disease is an important cause of cervical discomfort, low back pain, radiating pain in the limbs, and neurogenic intermittent claudication, and its incidence is increasing annually. From the etiological viewpoint, these symptoms are directly caused by the compression of the spinal cord, nerve roots, and blood vessels and are most effectively treated with surgery. Spinal surgeries are primarily performed using two different techniques: spinal canal decompression and internal fixation. In the past, tactile sensation was the primary method used by surgeons to understand the state of the tissue within the operating area. However, this method has several disadvantages because of its subjectivity. Therefore, it has become the focus of spinal surgery research so as to strengthen the objectivity of tissue state recognition, improve the accuracy of safe area location, and avoid surgical injury to tissues. Aside from traditional imaging methods, surgical sensing techniques based on force, bioelectrical impedance, and other methods have been gradually developed and tested in the clinical setting. This article reviews the progress of different tissue state recognition methods in spinal surgery and summarizes their advantages and disadvantages.

关键词： spinal surgery tissue state recognition image force sensing bioelectrical impedance

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Effectiveness of state incentives for promoting wind energy: A panel data examination

Deepak SANGROYA,Jogendra NAYAK

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第3期页码 247-258 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0364-8

摘要： Over the last decade, India has started to concentrate earnestly on renewable energy. The Indian government, as well as different state governments, are adopting policy instruments such as feed in tariff, captive consumption, renewable purchase obligation and generation based incentive etc. aimed at renewable energy development. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of state level incentives for the development of wind energy in India. Fixed effect panel data modelling technique of econometric analysis is used to analyse the data of 26 Indian states in 11 years. The results show that feed in tariff and captive consumption are the significant predictors of wind energy development. However, renewable purchase obligation does not affect wind energy significantly.

关键词： India wind energy development state incentives econometric analysis panel data

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Digital image correlation-based structural state detection through deep learning

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 45-56 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0777-x

摘要： This paper presents a new approach for automatical classification of structural state through deep learning. In this work, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was designed to fuse both the feature extraction and classification blocks into an intelligent and compact learning system and detect the structural state of a steel frame; the input was a series of vibration signals, and the output was a structural state. The digital image correlation (DIC) technology was utilized to collect vibration information of an actual steel frame, and subsequently, the raw signals, without further pre-processing, were directly utilized as the CNN samples. The results show that CNN can achieve 99% classification accuracy for the research model. Besides, compared with the backpropagation neural network (BPNN), the CNN had an accuracy similar to that of the BPNN, but it only consumes 19% of the training time. The outputs of the convolution and pooling layers were visually displayed and discussed as well. It is demonstrated that: 1) the CNN can extract the structural state information from the vibration signals and classify them; 2) the detection and computational performance of the CNN for the incomplete data are better than that of the BPNN; 3) the CNN has better anti-noise ability.

关键词： structural state detection deep learning digital image correlation vibration signal steel frame

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Biological pretreatment of corn stover by solid state fermentation of

Jian ZHANG, Xin REN, Wenqun CHEN, Jie BAO

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第2期页码 146-151 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1220-6

摘要： Biological pretreatment is a promising way to overcome the biorecalcitrance of cleaving the supermolecular structure of lignocellulose by lignin degrading enzymes from microorganisms. Solid state fermentation of corn stover with the white-rot fungus was carried out and the efficiency of this pretreatment was evaluated. The enzymatic hydrolysis yield reached a maximum when the corn stover was biologically pretreated for nine days, and the hydrolysis yield decreased sharply if the solid state fermentation was carried out for more than nine days. A possible explanation for this sharp decrease is that not only the lignin degrading enzymes (LiP and MnP) were secreted, but also other metabolites, which were toxic or fatal to the hydrolysis enzymes resulting in the lower hydrolysis yield were generated during the prolonged period of biopretreatment. These results are useful to help determine the optimal timing and to understand the lignin structure and degradation mechanism in biological pretreatment processes.

关键词： biological pretreatment Phanerochaete chrysosporium solid state fermentation biorecalcitrance hydrolysis yield

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Development of a constitutive model for rockfills and similar granular materials based on the disturbed state

Mehdi VEISKARAMI, Ali GHORBANI, Mohammadreza ALAVIPOUR

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年第6卷第4期页码 365-378 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0178-2

摘要： Behavior of rockfills was investigated experimentally and theoretically. A series of standard triaxial compression tests were carried out on a quarried rockfill material at different stress levels. It was found that both the stress level and the shear stress ratio, like most of granular materials, controls the behavior of rockfill materials. At lower shear stress ratios the behavior is much more similar to a nonlinear elastic solid. When the shear stress goes further, the stress-strain curve shows an elasto-plastic behavior which suggests using the disturbed state concept to develop a constitutive model to predict the stress-strain behavior. The presented constitutive model complies reasonably with the experimental data.

关键词： constitutive model granular material rockfill plasticity disturbed state concept stress level

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Machine learning and neural network supported state of health simulation and forecasting model for lithium-ion

《能源前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0891-7

摘要： As the intersection of disciplines deepens, the field of battery modeling is increasingly employing various artificial intelligence (AI) approaches to improve the efficiency of battery management and enhance the stability and reliability of battery operation. This paper reviews the value of AI methods in lithium-ion battery health management and in particular analyses the application of machine learning (ML), one of the many branches of AI, to lithium-ion battery state of health (SOH), focusing on the advantages and strengths of neural network (NN) methods in ML for lithium-ion battery SOH simulation and prediction. NN is one of the important branches of ML, in which the application of NNs such as backpropagation NN, convolutional NN, and long short-term memory NN in SOH estimation of lithium-ion batteries has received wide attention. Reports so far have shown that the utilization of NN to model the SOH of lithium-ion batteries has the advantages of high efficiency, low energy consumption, high robustness, and scalable models. In the future, NN can make a greater contribution to lithium-ion battery management by, first, utilizing more field data to play a more practical role in health feature screening and model building, and second, by enhancing the intelligent screening and combination of battery parameters to characterize the actual lithium-ion battery SOH to a greater extent. The in-depth application of NN in lithium-ion battery SOH will certainly further enhance the science, reliability, stability, and robustness of lithium-ion battery management.

关键词： machine learning lithium-ion battery state of health neural network artificial intelligence

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Firm Innovation Systems: Perspectives of Researches on State-owned Key Enterprises

Jin Chen,Shu-fang Huang,Qing-rui Xu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年第2卷第1期页码 64-70 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015017

摘要： Based on the origin of the innovation theory and the technological innovation models of Rothwell, this paper puts forward four-generations of evolutionary models using the firm innovation system: “Internal R&D-Oriented Innovation System”, “Internal and External Collaborative Innovation System”, “Highly Strategic-Oriented Innovation System” and “Ecological Innovation System”. This paper dwells on the characteristics and relationship between each innovation system, and the role in the enterprise innovation especially the State-owned Key Enterprises innovation, so as to provide a theoretical and practical basis for the design and improvement of the State-owned Key Enterprises innovation system.

关键词： firm innovation system state-owned key enterprises ecology evolution

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Modeling and analysis of steady-state vibration induced by backlash in servo rotary table

Xiao YANG,Dun LU,Sanli LIU,Jun ZHANG,Wanhua ZHAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第10卷第1期页码 43-47 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0327-0

摘要：

Backlash cannot be always avoided in mechanical systems because of wear or looseness. Steady-state vibration may be induced by backlash in closed loop feed drive systems. This paper presents a mathematical model of a servo rotary table, considering the effect of backlash. The accuracy of this model is verified by an experiment. The influences of the parameters, such as position controller gain, velocity controller gain, load and the magnitude of backlash, on steady-state vibration are discussed. The steady-state vibration amplitude increases with the position controller gain, load and the magnitude of backlash. The steady-state vibration frequency increases with the position controller gain and the velocity controller gain, while an increase in load leads to a decrease in the frequency.

关键词： backlash servo rotary table steady-state vibration

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Assessment of robustness of structures: Current state of research

Colin BRETT, Yong LU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2013年第7卷第4期页码 356-368 doi: 10.1007/s11709-013-0220-z

摘要： The concept of structural robustness and relevant design guidelines have been in existence in the progressive collapse literature since the 1970s following the partial collapse of the Ronan Point apartment building; however, in the more general context, research on the evaluation and enhancement of structural robustness is still relatively limited. This paper is aimed to provide a general overview of the current state of research concerning structural robustness. The focus is placed on the quantification and the associated evaluation methodologies, rather than specific measures to ensure prescriptive robustness requirements. Some associated concepts, such as redundancy and vulnerability, will be discussed and interpreted in the general context of robustness such that the corresponding methodologies can be compared quantitatively using a comparable scale. A framework methodology proposed by the authors is also introduced in line with the discussion of the literature.

关键词： structural robustness abnormal exposure vulnerability collapse consequence